**1. Introduction** Grinding machines play a vital role in the metal cold working industry, especially as industrial demands for precision and surface finish continue to rise. With the increasing need for high-quality mechanical components, grinding has become an essential process in various sectors such as automotive, power generation, marine engineering, metallurgy, military, and aerospace. Among different types of grinders, cylindrical grinding machines are the most widely used due to their versatility in machining cylindrical and conical surfaces, as well as shoulder faces. Some models also include internal grinding attachments for tapered inner and outer surfaces. The level of automation in these machines directly affects their efficiency and, consequently, the scale of production they can handle. **2. Grinding Process** A grinding machine is a precision tool used to shape and finish workpieces by removing small amounts of material using abrasive wheels or stones. Unlike traditional cutting methods, grinding involves shallow depth micro-cutting on hardened surfaces, allowing for extremely fine surface finishes with minimal material removal per pass. The primary motion is the rotation of the abrasive tool, while the feed motion comes from the movement of the workpiece or the grinding wheel. This process can achieve very low surface roughness values (Ra), making it ideal for high-precision applications. The high-speed nature of grinding—where cutting speeds can reach up to 30–50 m/s and temperatures can exceed 1000°C—allows for rapid material removal and exceptional accuracy. This makes grinding suitable not only for soft materials like unhardened steel and cast iron but also for hard materials such as ceramics and carbide tools that other machining processes cannot easily handle. During operation, the machine typically moves along two axes: the worktable axis and the grinding head axis. The worktable moves via servo control, and the workpiece is mounted on the table, often secured using a magnetic chuck. A dresser is used to maintain the grinding wheel’s shape, while hydraulic systems regulate the speed and pressure during the grinding process. Additional components such as coolant systems, lubrication units, and measuring devices support the overall functionality of the machine. **3. Electric Control System Design for Delta Ball Bearing Grinding Machine** 3.1 Overall Design To meet the demand for high efficiency, the electric control system of the ball bearing grinding machine was designed with speed and precision in mind. The system uses the Zhongda EH2 series high-speed PLC and the ASD series AC servo system, ensuring fast and accurate operation. The program structure was optimized for both safety and performance, significantly increasing the processing speed of each component. The entire cycle is completed within 6–7 seconds, with most operations controlled through a touch screen interface. Only a few essential buttons are placed on the control panel, allowing for a more intuitive user experience. The touch screen provides real-time feedback, interactive information, and intelligent alarm management, reducing the need for manual intervention. In case of emergencies, an emergency reset button allows for a safe shutdown. 3.2 Delta Electronic Control System Configuration The system includes the following key components: (1) PLC: DVP40EH00T2 (40-point host, 24DI/16DO, 4-way 200K input/output, AC power supply). (2) PLC Expansion Unit: DVP32HP00R (32-point expansion module, 16DI/16DO, AC power). (3) Inverter: VFD022M43A (supports 7-speed control, simple PLC auto-programming, high-speed communication, and automatic acceleration/deceleration optimization). (4) True Color Touch Screen: AE10THTD (10.4" high-brightness display, 512K SRAM, 3 communication ports, online/offline simulation, IP65/NEMA4 compliance). (5) AC Servo Driver: ASD-B1521 (built-in PID control, power frequency switching, and power failure deceleration stop function). 3.3 CNC Machining Process Design Figure 2 illustrates the automatic processing flow. Once the auto-run conditions are met, the machine operates continuously until a stop command is issued or an alarm occurs. The system ensures a smooth and safe transition in case of emergencies. 3.4 PLC I/O Interface Definition The I/O interface is clearly defined to ensure seamless communication between the control system and the machine components. 3.5 Workpiece Stage Servo Control Movement Curve The servo control curve (Figure 3) shows how the workpiece stage moves at varying speeds depending on the material and size, ensuring efficient and accurate grinding. 3.6 Automatic Grinding Wheel Wear Compensation Automated wheel dressing is a critical feature of modern CNC grinders. As the grinding wheel wears down, its size changes, requiring periodic adjustments. The system automatically compensates for this wear, ensuring consistent quality. The process is shown in Figure 4, where the wheel is dressed to the required dimensions during the cycle, minimizing downtime and improving productivity. **4. Conclusion** The outer ring raceway grinding machine project was successfully implemented at a facility in Wuxi. Using Zhongda products and automated solutions, the company developed and marketed a range of grinding machines with excellent operational performance. The system proved reliable, demonstrating that Zhongda's integrated solutions are capable of meeting the complex control requirements of modern grinding equipment.

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