The level, variety, and production capacity of CNC machine tools directly reflect the country's overall technical and economic strength. As the strategic equipment of the national defense industry, CNC machine tools are the most important means of manufacturing all kinds of weapons and equipment and are an important guarantee for the modernization of national defense and military equipment.

Machine tool industry technology has been developed

In recent years, thanks to the national environment for revitalizing the equipment manufacturing industry and strong market demand, the domestic machine tool industry has witnessed rapid technological development and high investment enthusiasm.

The demand for high-end products of CNC machine tools is relatively strong, and the outstanding performance is: On the one hand, the number is increasing rapidly, and the proportion of CNC machine tools in the total consumption of machine tools has risen to more than 60%, and will continue to rise rapidly during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period; On the Other hand, the level of demand continues to increase. During the “12th Five-Year Plan” period, with the development of high-level new products in the key areas of the revitalization of the equipment manufacturing industry, each field has put forward higher requirements for CNC machine tools. Such as the development of large-scale thermal power generation and nuclear power plants, the manufacture of large-scale chemical equipment, the development of large-scale marine transportation vessels, the development of large-scale thin-plate hot and cold continuous rolling complete sets of equipment, the development of high-speed trains, new types of subways, and rail transit vehicles, all require a large number of high-speed, precision, and high-efficiency. And special CNC machine tools to manufacture. The development of a new generation of weapons, ships, aircraft, satellites and missiles also places higher demands on CNC machine tools.

At present, China is the world's largest machine tool consumer and machine tool importer, and since 2009, China has ranked first in the world in machine tool output for two consecutive years. As a major sub-industry in the machine tool industry, the metal-cutting machine tool manufacturing industry has also developed rapidly. According to the statistics of the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2011, China's metal cutting machine tool industry (income of 20 million yuan) and above realized industrial output value of 512.114 billion yuan, and metal cutting machine tool production reached 859,900 sets, of which CNC metal cutting machine production reached 257,000. Taiwan, the year-on-year increase was 15.11% and 29.9% respectively. At the same time, domestic enterprises have also achieved vigorous development. Leading enterprises Shenyang Machine Tool (Group) Co., Ltd. and Dalian Machine Tool Group Co., Ltd. have become the top 10 machine tool manufacturers in the world.

Due to the increase of downstream demand in the industry, various economic types of enterprises in the industry have developed rapidly. Large-scale state-owned enterprises represented by Dalian Machine Tool and Shenyang Machine Tool have maintained a strong momentum of development and have become the backbone of the industry; with the East China CNC, Yawei shares, The rapid development of private enterprises represented by Nantong Science and Technology, etc. In addition, Japan's Yamazaki Mazak, Otsuka Co., Ltd., Amada Co., Ltd. and German TRUMPF Group, Demagee Co., Ltd. have also achieved good results in China. development of.

In the future, with the formation of trends in the expansion of production scale of automobiles and parts, aerospace, molds, railway transportation equipment, construction machinery, and other types of equipment manufacturing, and the formation of global industrial shifts, the strong demand for multi-level machine tool products in related industries will increase. This will further promote the rapid growth of China's metal cutting machine tool manufacturing industry. In terms of policy, the Chinese government has raised the metal cutting machine tool industry to a strategic position and listed the development of large-scale, precision, high-speed numerical control equipment and functional components as one of the country’s important revitalization goals, and will also promote the rapid development of the industry. It is estimated that the total industrial output value of China's metal cutting machine tool industry will exceed 200 billion yuan in 2015, making it the world's largest production base for metal cutting machine tools.

In the first half of 2013, this year's economic situation and orders fell. However, with the continuous recovery of the world economy and the dumping of national policies to the real economy, the growth in the export value of China's machine tool products this year is expected to reach 12% to 15%.

In 2012, China’s metal processing machine tool consumption amounted to US$38.28 billion, of which, Jinche Machine Tool’s consumption amounted to US$27.38 billion, and forming machine tool consumption amounted to US$10.9 billion; domestically-made metal processing machine tool’s sales value reached US$27.36 billion, of which, Jinche Machine Tool sales value was 180.7. Billion dollars, the sales value of forming machine tools was 18.07 billion US dollars.

Statistics show that in 2012, the world's 28 major machine tool producing countries and regions produced a value of 93.2 billion U.S. dollars, China accounted for about 30%, ranking first, and the consumption of metal processing machine tools in China accounted for 45% of the global market, ranking the world for 11 consecutive years. The first largest consumer nation has become the largest producer for four consecutive years. In spite of this, China's machine tool industry still has many problems, such as the lack of share in the high-end market and the overall brand image to be improved. It can be said that China's machine tool industry is still in a big but not strong state.

In the context of the global economic downturn, China's foreign trade in machine tool products has maintained a relatively stable growth. According to customs statistics, in 2012, the export value of China's machine tool products was 3.917 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 9.82% year-on-year, and the total import value was 14.726 billion U.S. dollars, a year-on-year decrease of 0.05%.

In the first half of this year, the export value of China’s machine tool products was US$2.03 billion, a year-on-year increase of 7%. The growth rate slowed down from 2012. The import value was 5.7 billion U.S. dollars, a sharp decline, which was a 17.6% year-on-year decrease. The trade deficit was 3.67 billion U.S. dollars, which was a significant drop from the 5 billion U.S. dollars in the same period in 2012.

Export growth has picked up

According to customs statistics, in the first half of 2012, China’s machine tool export situation was relatively good, and its export increased by 20% year-on-year, indicating that the order volume in 2011 was relatively large; however, the growth rate of machine tool exports has obviously slowed down since June 2012. It can be seen that Affected by the international economic situation, international orders for machine tools decreased significantly in 2012. In the first half of 2013, the overall situation continued to continue in the second half of 2012, with a slow increase. It can be seen that the impact of the economic downturn will continue for some time.

In the first half of 2013, the export value of metal processing machine tools was US$1.38 billion, accounting for 67.8% of total machine tool exports. The export value of metal processing machine tools increased by 1.71% year-on-year, which was lower than the overall export growth rate of machine tools. This was the main factor that caused the slowdown in the overall export growth of China's machine tools. Among them, exports of CNC machine tools were 340 million U.S. dollars, a year-on-year decrease of 9.56%, while exports of machining centers and combination machine tools saw a significant increase, at 3.3% and 9.69%, respectively.

From the perspective of export markets, in the first half of 2013, China’s major machine tool export markets remained the markets of Asia and Europe and the United States and Europe. The export markets in Asia and North America grew by 7.45% and 16.76%, respectively. The European market was affected by the economic downturn and exports did not increase. Against the decline, the decline was 4.53% and the market share slightly changed, but the overall change was modest. Asia and Europe and the United States still account for about 40% of their exports, while the remaining 20% ​​are occupied by markets such as Latin America and Africa.

As a result of the transfer of manufacturing industries from the world to ASEAN countries and the return of U.S. manufacturing, China's exports to ASEAN countries and North America increased by 28.69% and 16.76%.

In the first half of 2013, the growth rate of the United States market was rapid, with a growth rate of 19.27%, but it was slower than the increase of 43.09% in the first quarter. The reason is that due to the return of U.S. manufacturing to its home country, the demand for its domestic machine tools has increased substantially, but the demand for heat has gradually decreased and eventually stabilized.

In recent years, ASEAN countries such as Vietnam, Indonesia, and Malaysia have actively undertaken the transfer of labor-intensive industries, which has become a hot spot for investment by multinational corporations, and the growth of manufacturing industries is strong. In the first half of this year, China's machine tool exports grew faster than the above-mentioned countries, of which Vietnam is an explosive growth, an increase of 130%, and even the hop count has become China's second-largest market for machine tool exports.

From the trading perspective, the first half of this year, the general trade as the main means of trade of machine tools exports, accounting for 81.6%, an increase of 4.79%; followed by processing trade, accounting for 12.25%, exports of 250 million US dollars was basically the same as last year.

The export of machine tools is mainly concentrated in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong and Guangdong. In addition, the northeast old industrial base and the machine tool industry in the Midwest are gradually forming industrial clusters centered on leading enterprises. In the first half of this year, the growth rate of machine tool exports from Beijing and Guangxi increased by 38.29% and 257.8%, respectively. From the export prices, it can be seen that the export of machine tools from Liaoning, Beijing and Guangxi is dominated by high value-added high-end products.

Significant decline in import volume

In the first half of 2013, China imported a total of 53,000 machine tools, a year-on-year decrease of 16%; the import amount was US$5.7 billion, a year-on-year decrease of 17.6%; and the import unit price was US$107,000 per unit, a year-on-year decrease of 1.44%.

China's non-metal processing machine tools have a higher level of manufacturing and import volume; the vast majority of imported machine tools are metal processing machine tools. In the first half of 2013, the import value of metal processing machine tools was US$5.25 billion, accounting for 92% of the total import value of all machine tools. The average unit price of imported machine tools is US$107,000, which is nearly 450 times the average export price of US$240. The average unit price of imported metal processing machines is as much as US$137,000, and the average price of domestic metal cutting machine tools exported is only US$317.

"At present, the world's machine tool technology level is based on the production promotion of CNC machine sheeting machines. The development in the next 20 years will also be the case." Luo Baihui, chief researcher of Jinmo Machine Tool Network, believes that further improvement in accuracy, efficiency, automation, and intelligence Based on the network, CNC machine tools are gradually transitioning to processing units and cutting-edge flexible manufacturing systems. After China's machine tool industry has experienced the development process of learning, imitating and independent innovation, there is still a certain gap between accuracy, efficiency, automation, intelligence, environmental protection and other advanced foreign standards. The lack of high-speed, high-precision, compound, and intelligent high-level numerically-controlled machine tools has caused the lack of commonality and key technologies to make the status of the “low-end melee and high-end fall” of the domestic machine tool industry not yet fundamentally reversed. At present, the imported products account for 85% of the domestic high-end machine tool market share, while the domestically-used CNC machine tools account for nearly 70% of the simple economical CNC machine tools with low added value.

From the perspective of the import market country, the structure of China's machine tool import market is still dominated by Asia and Europe, with imports accounting for nearly 95% of the total. However, the market structure has been dominated by Asia, which accounted for more than 60% of the past, and it has become equal to Europe and Asia.

In 2013, China's imports of machine tools from Japan fell drastically by 41.6%. The growth rate from the German, U.S., and UK markets was significant. To a certain extent, it was also a substitute for Japanese machine tools. However, due to its high price, it cannot Completely compensates for the vacancy in the Japanese market. The sharp decrease in the Japanese market is also the main reason that the total import volume of China's machine tools has fallen by a large margin compared with the same period of last year.

Changes in trade patterns

During the "12th Five-Year Plan" period, the world economic and trade pattern will usher in major and profound changes, and China's development is still in an important period of opportunity. Emerging economies and developing countries are expected to maintain rapid economic growth. Developed countries will continue to rely on scientific and technological innovation to accelerate industrial adjustment. The overall strength of China's mechanical and electrical industry will rise, complement the structure of foreign electromechanical industries, and take advantage of the obvious advantages of international industrial transfer. change.

China's mechanical and electrical products have a certain trade space in the international market. However, the risks brought about by the international financial crisis still exist, and it is very difficult for the world economy to achieve strong, sustainable and balanced growth. Emerging economies and developing countries actively participate in and integrate into the international economy and accelerate the process of urbanization and industrialization, and demand is expected to remain relatively low. Rapid growth will further increase the contribution to the global trade in electromechanical products. As the world's largest category of trade products, the global trade in electromechanical products will continue to grow at a faster rate.

The export advantage of mechanical and electrical products in China has remained unchanged. China's electromechanical industry has complete categories, huge production capacity, complete industrial supporting systems and infrastructure, and an industry base with large exporting countries. China's exports of electromechanical products complement long-term structural cooperation with developed and developing countries, and have obvious comparative advantages, especially large-scale complete sets of equipment. In the price, performance, duration, financing and other aspects have comprehensive advantages.

The adjustment of domestic industrial structure will make the import of electromechanical and high-tech products have greater development. With the intensified implementation of the strategy for expanding domestic demand, residents’ income continues to increase, and new changes in the population structure will promote the upgrading of domestic consumption structures. The process of industrialization in China is accelerating, and key industries urgently need to accelerate the development through the introduction of advanced technology and equipment and key parts and components, and upgrade their technological level and international competitiveness.

This will create a good market space for China to expand imports of mechanical and electrical products. Emerging industries are expected to become new growth points for foreign trade. Chinese enterprises have obvious advantages in the manufacturing of new energy products such as photovoltaics and wind energy. Some products have begun to be exported. Some new materials, a new generation of information technology, and biotechnology have reached the international advanced level, and their development prospects are very broad. With the introduction of relevant support policies in succession, the internationalization of China's emerging industries is expected to further accelerate. As the mother of manufacturing industry, the machine tool industry is bound to usher in the spring of development, accelerating the transition from a machine tool-producing country to a machine-tool-powerful country, and realizing a series of mid- and long-term goals of domestically-made mid-to-high-end CNC machine tools in the domestic market.